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The latest reading, written down 2026-11-13.

The highest rating any chess program holds

3,650 Elo

Held by Stockfish 19 64-bit 4CPU. Set 2026-11-13.

In 1993 it was still an open question whether a machine could play chess better than any person, and the answer was four years away. It is now so thoroughly closed that nobody runs the experiment: the programs at the top of this list have not lost a serious game to a human being in two decades, and the only opponents left that can tell them apart are each other. This is what a frontier looks like after it has been crossed - a club of volunteers playing millions of games between programs on a fixed machine and a fixed clock, because that is the only remaining way to measure the difference. Two cautions belong on the figure rather than in a footnote. It is a rating and not a score: it says how often a program beats the pool it sits in, the pool is other engines of the same era, and a number produced that way is not comparable to a human player's. And because the ratings are recomputed from the whole game record each time the list goes up, this figure can fall as well as rise without anybody's program having got worse - which is the honest difference between a rating and a record, and the reason it is worth watching a rating at all. The program at the top is open source, and has been for most of the list's history, which is the other thing 1993 would not have guessed.

That description was written when this frontier was opened, on 2026-09-17, and is never rewritten. Where it and the number above it disagree, the number is the reading and the description is history.

[ The whole history of this number ]

The edge today

• The longest task an AI can finish on its own — 1,045 minutes
• Open problems in mathematics solved — 4.4 per cent
• Unsolved integer sequences worked out — 29.9 per cent
• Real software issues resolved — 83.5 per cent
• Questions answered without inventing an answer — 94.0 per cent
• Chess puzzles solved — 79.0 per cent
• The largest training run ever disclosed — 9 x 10^26 operations
• The largest training cluster ever disclosed — 200,000 chips
• The fastest computer on earth — 2,198 petaflops
• The most arithmetic per watt — 73.282 gigaflops per watt
• The largest prime number ever found — 41,024,320 digits
• The largest quantum volume — 8,388,608 quantum volume
• The smallest a gigabyte of Wikipedia has ever been made — 91,778,237 bytes
• The most data ever read and written in a second — 26,888 gibibytes a second
• The most connections ever followed in a second — 410,266 billion edges a second
• The most digits of pi ever computed — 314,000,000,000,000 digits
• The highest rating any chess program holds — 3,650 Elo
• The most transactions a database has ever run in a minute — 2,055,076,649 transactions a minute
• The most storage operations ever done in a second — 30,002,765 operations a second
• Assembly mistakes spotted in a photograph — 90.0 per cent
• Programs rebuilt without seeing the code — 97.8 per cent
• The most ordinary work one computer can do — 1,660 times the reference machine
• The most questions ever answered against a hundred terabytes of data — 653,611,141 queries an hour
• The least time ever taken to train a four-hundred-billion-parameter model — 7.07 minutes
• The most tokens a seventy-billion-parameter model can produce in a second — 1,136,100 tokens a second
• Theorems a computer has checked — 293,988 theorems
• The most arithmetic ever sustained on scattered data — 22.0 petaflops
• The fewest mistakes a machine makes transcribing a meeting — 5.96 per cent of words wrong

Watching 28 frontiers. 6 others have finished.   [ The full table, with dates ]

The rules

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Written down in:   2026

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